मनुष्यता

 


अध्याय: मनुष्यता

लेखक: प्रेमचंद
कक्षा: 10वीं (क्षितिज भाग 2)

📌 पाठ का सारांश:

यह कहानी एक ऐसे फ़क़ीर (साधु) की है जो बिना किसी भेदभाव के सेवा करता है। एक बार वह रास्ते में घायल पड़े एक इंसान को उठाकर अपने झोपड़े में ले आता है और उसकी सेवा करता है। जब उसे पता चलता है कि वह आदमी उसी जाति या धर्म का नहीं है, तब भी वह सेवा करता रहता है।

कहानी में दिखाया गया है कि सच्ची मनुष्यता क्या होती है — इंसानियत न तो धर्म देखती है, न जात-पात, न अमीर-गरीब।

🌟 मुख्य बिंदु:

  1. सेवा का भाव – फ़क़ीर ने बिना किसी स्वार्थ के सेवा की।
  2. धर्म से ऊपर इंसानियत – उसने यह नहीं देखा कि घायल व्यक्ति किस धर्म का है।
  3. पाखंड का विरोध – लेखक ने दिखाया कि समाज में धर्म और जाति के नाम पर भेदभाव होता है, जबकि असली धर्म "मनुष्यता" है।
  4. उपदेशात्मक शैली – प्रेमचंद ने कहानी के माध्यम से समाज को एक संदेश दिया है।

🧠 प्रमुख शिक्षाएँ:

  • धर्म से बड़ा कुछ है तो वह है इंसानियत।
  • ज़रूरतमंद की मदद करना ही सबसे बड़ा धर्म है।
  • समाज में भेदभाव मिटाकर सभी को बराबर समझना चाहिए।

💬 महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न-उत्तर:

Q1. कहानी का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?
उत्तर: इस कहानी का उद्देश्य यह बताना है कि मनुष्य का सबसे बड़ा धर्म है – इंसानियत। धर्म, जाति, भाषा आदि से ऊपर उठकर जब हम किसी की मदद करते हैं, तभी हम सच्चे इंसान बनते हैं।

Q2. फ़क़ीर का चरित्र-चित्रण करें।
उत्तर: फ़क़ीर दयालु, निस्वार्थ, सेवा-भाव से भरा हुआ और सच्चा इंसान है। वह बिना किसी स्वार्थ या भेदभाव के दूसरों की मदद करता है।

Q3. प्रेमचंद ने इस कहानी के ज़रिए क्या संदेश दिया है?
उत्तर: उन्होंने यह संदेश दिया है कि असली धर्म दूसरों की सेवा करना है। जाति, धर्म और भाषा के नाम पर भेदभाव करना मानवता के विरुद्ध है।


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